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The Brain Observatory Image

The Digital Brain Library Project is an unprecedented effort to compare what has been learned about human behavior and disease with the actual organ, the brain.


The Human Brain Library

The Brain Observatory at UC San Diego has launched an extraordinary endeavor. Dr. Jacopo Annese and his team of researchers are establishing a digital brain bank to explore the relationship between mind and brain.


The Brain Observatory Image

The Brain Observatory at the 40th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience. The conference took place in San Diego, November, 13-17, 2010. 


MRI Scan of a Brain

Postmortem MR imaging has revealed widespread deep White Matter pathology localized primarily in the frontal lobes. Histopathological staining will elucidate the nature of the abnormal WM signal revealed by MRI sequences; however, for the time being (in Phase 1), our main concern is histotechnical.


A brain being cut on a microtome

Section thickness determines the total number of slices and it is an extremely important parameter for subsequent histo-pathological staining and analysis.


Welcome to Project H.M.

We believe that the enormous attention that was devoted to patient H.M. when he was living and generously served as a keen research subject ought to be matched by a similarly involved study of his brain.


Sequentially numbered slides

Once the collection of tissue slices from the brain of patient H.M. was safely archived cryo-genically, the work towards reconstructing a neurological picture of the case began.


The camera set up for taking the blockface images

Histological sections are going to be stored cryogenically in serial order. We have set the goal to acquire an image of the specimen’s blockface before each section is collected. To that effect, in order to eliminate the possibility of human error during the very long procedure, we have made image acquisition completely automatic.


A brain in a gelatin block

The decision to cut the brain as one single block was taken on account of the fact that gross dissection of the sample into smaller blocks or thick slabs to be processed separately amounts to the inevitable loss of (considerable) tissue.


Cryogenic Vials ready to be used to collect tissue samples for freezing.

As the brain of Patient H.M. was cut, histological slices were being collected in serial order in 36-well compartment boxes containing 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution. The next step is to store all tissue slices long-term in the freezer in a solution that will preserve the morphology and molecular milieu of the tissue.